Richard Sennett on the Fall of Public Man

"The best things in Western cultural tradition, in Sennett's view, derive from the conventions that once regulated impersonal relations in public. These conventions, now condemned as constricting, artificial, and deadening to emotional spontaneity, formerly established civilized boundaries between people, set limits on public display of feeling, and promoted cosmopolitanism, and civility. In eighteenth-century London or Paris, sociability did not depend on intimacy. "Strangers meeting in the parks or on the streets might without embarrassment speak to each other." They shared a common fund of signs which enabled people of unequal rank to conduct a civilized conversation and to cooperate in public projects without feeling called upon to expose their innermost secrets. In the nineteenth century, however, reticence broke down, and people came to believe that public actions revealed the inner personality of the actor. The romantic cult of sincerity and authenticity tore away the masks that people had worn in public and eroded the boundary between public and private life. As the public world came to be seen as a mirror of the self, people lost the capacity of detachment and hence playful encounter, which presupposes a certain distance from the self.
       In our time, according to Sennett, relations in public, conceived as a form of self-revelation, have become deadly serious. Conversation takes on the quality of confession. Class consciousness declines; people perceive their social position as a reflection of their own abilities and blame themselves for the injustice inflicted on them. Politics degenerates into a struggle not for social change but for self-realization."

Narcissism in Contemporary Society

In a narcissistic society- a society that gives increasingly prominence and encouragement to narcissistic traits- the cultural devaluation of the past reflects not only the poverty of prevailing ideologies, which have lost their grip on reality and abandoned the attempt to master it, but the poverty of the narcissist's inner life. A society that has made "nostalgia" a marketable commodity on the cultural exchange quickly repudiates the suggestion life in the past was in any important way better than the life today. Having trivialized the past by equating it with outmoded styles of consumption, discarded fashions and attitudes, people today resent anyone who draws on the past in serious discussions of contemporary conditions or attempts to use the past as a standard by which to judge the present. Current critical dogma equates every such reference to the past as itself an expression of nostalgia. As Albert Parr has observed, this kind of reasoning "rules out entirely any insights gained, and any values arrived at by personal experience, since such experiences are always located in the past, and therefore in the precincts of nostalgia.
                                                                             - Christopher Lasch

How to Break a People

To slow a beast, you break its limbs. To slow a nation, you break its people. You rob them of volition. You demonstrate your absolute command over their destiny. You make it clear that ultimately it falls to you to decide who lives, who dies, who prospers, who doesn't. To exhibit your capability you show off all that you can do, and how easily you can do it. How easily you can press a button and annihilate the earth. How you can start a war, or sue for peace. How you can snatch a river away from one and gift it to another. How you can green a desert, or fell a forest and plant one somewhere else. You can use caprice to fracture a people's faith in ancient things-earth, forest, water, air.
   Once that is done, what do they have left? Only you. They will turn to you, because you're all they have. They will love you even when they despise you. They will trust you even they know you well. They will vote for you even as you squeeze the breath from their bodies. They will drink what you give them to drink. They will breathe what you give them to breathe. They will live where you dump their belongings. They will have to. What else can they do? There's no higher court to redress. You are their mother and their father. You are the judge and the jury. You are the world. You are God.
    Power is fortified not just by what it destroys, but also by what it creates. Not just by what it takes, but also by what it gives. And powerlessness reaffirmed not just by the helplessness of those who have lost, but also by the gratitude of those who have (or think they have) gained.
    This cold, contemporary cast of power is couched between the lines of noble-sounding clauses in democratic sounding constitution. It's wielded by the elected representatives of an ostensibly free people. Yet no monarch, or despot, no dictator in any other century in the history of human civilization has had access to weapons like these.
   Day by day, river by river, forest by forest, mountain by mountain, missile by missile, bomb by bomb-almost without knowing it-we are being broken.
    Big Dams are to a nation's "development" what nuclear bomb are to its military arsenal. They're both weapons of mass destruction. They're both weapons governments use to control their own people. Both twentieth-century emblems that mark a point in time when human intelligence has outstripped its own instinct for survival. They're both malignant indications of a civilization turning upon itself. They represent the severing of the link, not just the link-the understanding-between human beings and the planet they live on. They scramble the intelligence that connects eggs to hens, milk to cows, food to forests, water to rivers, air to life, and the earth to human existence.
   Can we unscramble it?
   Maybe. Inch by inch. Bomb by bomb. Dam by dam. Maybe by fighting specific wars in specific ways...
                                                                               -The Cost of living, Arundhati Roy

#Reflections: Defining Identity

#Reflections: Defining Identity: Native American oral poetry and stories should be part of the great stack of building blocks in what we call our “identity”, our “history”...

Defining Identity

Native American oral poetry and stories should be part of the great stack of building blocks in what we call our “identity”, our “history”, our “story”. Why should our ground works come from Greece and Rome and the Bible and European sagas, and not also from the places where we actually live.As Bringhurst says, “isn't it just possible that if we listened to the stories and the voices native to the place, we’d be a bit less eager to strip mine it, clearcut it, pave it, and pollute it in the name of making money?”

 -Margaret Artwood

Enough: Staying Human in an Engineered Age

"Gene splicing depends on cloning, but is not the same. It involves inserting selected genes-of those other than the parents- into an egg, which is then implanted in the usual way (or will be until the bottled babies of Brave New World make their appearance, and we can do away with the womb altogether). If we become genetically enhanced in this way-enhanced by our parents before we’re born-the joy and mystery will go out of life, because we won’t have to strive for mastery. Our achievements won’t be "ours" but will have been programmed into us; we’ll never know whether we are really feeling "our" emotions or whether they-like the false memories embedded in the replicants in the film Blade Runner-are of the shelf. We won’t be our unique selves, we’ll just be the sum total of the market whims. We truly will be "meat machines" that some scientists already term us. Right now about all our parents can pick for us are our names, but what if they could pick everything about us?
      Worse we’ll be caught in a keep-up-with-the-Joneses competition whereby each new generation of babies will have to have the latest enhancements-will have to be more intelligent, more beautiful, more disease-free, longer-lived, than the generation before. Thus each new generation will be sui generis-isolated, disconsolate, as out of date as last year’s car model before they’re even twenty-one, each of them stuck on a lily pad of enhancement a few hops behind the one that follows them. In addition to that, they’ll be cut off from history-from their own family tree. They’ll bear little resemblance to their ancestors. The loneliness and sense of disconnection could be extreme.”

-Margaret Atwood